Rapid industrialization is having a negative effect on the global environment. In India, pollution stemming from the improper management of industrial wastewater stands out as a significant environmental challenge, particularly with the rapid growth of the small-scale industrial sector. To combat the pollution generated by these industries, there is a strong push for adopting cleaner production technologies and implementing waste minimization strategies.
Industrial wastewater treatment encompasses the methods and processes employed to manage wastewater generated as a by-product of industrial or commercial activities. Once treated, the resulting industrial wastewater (or effluent) can either be reused or discharged into a sanitary sewer or surface water bodies in the environment. While most industries generate some level of wastewater, recent trends in developed regions focus on reducing this output or recycling wastewater within the production process. Nonetheless, numerous industries still rely on processes that lead to wastewater generation.